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Literacy: An Ignored Factor In Successful Training

Tuesday, August 17th, 2010

Special Note: Before beginning I need to apologize for my absence.  It’s never a good idea for a blogger to take an extended vacation, and that’s exactly what I did……both literally and figuratively.  I heard from many of you, and want you to know that I’m back.  More than anything, I want you to know that I really appreciate your following and feedback.  Thanks!

Worker Literacy Affects Safety

The question of literacy is a much bigger problem that we may think.  Recently I came across 2 separate articles that address the subject, both referencing a new study by the Conference Board of Canada, “What You Don’t Know Can Hurt You:  Literacy’s Impact on Workplace Health and Safety”. This research report outlines the value—including direct and indirect benefits—of investing in literacy with the expected outcome of achieving higher levels of health and safety in the workplace.

Using an online survey, a broad cross-section of the workplace was questioned.  From management to workers, service providers to union reps, aboriginal people to recent immigrants, 319 surveys were returned and analyzed.

According to the report, “While respondents gave high ratings to the importance of literacy skills in the workplace, training to build these skills was not always available through their workplaces. Responding employers had a much higher level of confidence in workers’ understanding of health and safety policies (64%) than responding worker groups (40%). Non-employer respondents expressed a higher expectation that literacy skills development opportunities would enhance workers’ understanding of workplace health and safety.”

So What Does This Mean For You?

Establishing written safety policies and procedures, and then training accordingly should and often does improve safety.  However, the Conference Board study showed that the level of confidence in being able to actually perform according to the procedures is suspect.  At least those who would be expected to follow the procedures, the workers, felt that they needed more hands-on instruction.   The flaw in the logic is that when health and safety practices are communicated in written format, a disconnect occurs if workers’ literacy skills are too low for them to read or comprehend the manual.

“Being able to read and understand “most” of the material or to “get the gist” of it is not enough. Precious time may be lost or exacting steps may not be taken if instructions are not followed when or how they should. As a result, injuries may occur, lives may be lost, and property may be damaged. Low literacy skills represent a risk, then, to the practice of workplace health and safety.” The Study delineated several good solutions to the literacy and safety problem, however most were quite detailed and time consuming.  What can we do now to improve safety?
  1. Assume that your class has participants who have difficulty reading and comprehending the training content.  Provide ample opportunity for everyone to talk about the issue, procedure, situation and its importance.
  2. If there are language barriers, make sure to provide adequate translation assistance.
  3. Ask checking questions and make sure that you allow group discussion to determine the level of understanding by all.
  4. Practice, observe, comment, and ask participants to explain why they are doing the procedure or skill in a certain manner. (This method has proven quite successful with driver safety).
  5. Provide follow up discussion after the training is completed.  Ask supervisors to talk with their workers about the subject and to make sure there is understanding.

Done with care, training can be successful and we can be assured that all employees understand what is expected of them.  The literacy problem isn’t going away any time soon, so assume that you have a communication and understanding problem and plan accordingly.

Impossible Doesn’t Exist

Tuesday, May 25th, 2010

I guess that means that anything is possible ….. BINGO!

That was how John Drebinger started out his keynote presentation last March at the Indiana Safety Conference.  He was fun and engaging, giving a very good speech about change and the importance of creating really big dreams with “Crystal Clear Outcomes”.

Drebinger asked his audience to think about the use of cell phones, and how even though they are second nature today they were considered impossible 25 years ago.  His point here was that to may people the idea of eliminating injuries is impossible.  However, to overcome the impossible it takes Vision and Courage, and the the ability to Imagine ….what a 100% safe workplace would look like.  Then  go out and create it!

It begins with sharing your imagination or vision.  But, it really doesn’t matter what you think does it?  It matters what they, the people whose thinking you hope to change all see and believe.

Start by asking a question or two. Use questions that people can answer.  “What’s the most important thing about safety?”  There’s no wrong answer and it spurs more questions and discussion.  Then, ask questions that help build creative thinking and visual images.  “If you had the power to change one thing that would improve safety, what would it be?” 

Next, how you communicate the vision is important.  As you are discussing safety or conducting training, try to think like your audience.  Put yourself in their place by using stories and examples that your employees can relate to.  Afterwards, look for the desired safe behaviors and tell people how well they are doing…. “That’s what we want!”  This creates a visual anchor and provides positive feedback.

Value the experience of your workers.  They know things you’ll never know, particularly mature workers.  “You know this job inside and out.  How can we teach others to do it, and do it safely?”  Try to give them a reason why it is important, involving them in the discussion and eliminate negativity.

Build trust.  Be genuine.  One good way is to let them know that there’s something you’ve been puzzled by and ask them to help solve it.   Create the situation and tell them why you don’t have a solution.  Open up their minds and let curiosity stream in!

Now let’s see if they can create a visual image of the solution and explain it.  What does it look like?  This is an important step that helps learners bring thoughts to life and begin to own solutions. 

In his presentation, Drebinger suggested that you should try to make the solution personal and geared toward helping other people.  It’s easy to get buy-in when you appeal to this desire.  Be sure to thank them, and thank them again!

At this point, Impossible Doesn’t Exist!  To achieve major changes in safety, work to engage everyone’s imagination.  Create a “Crystal Clear Outcome”.   What does it look, feel, smell and sound like?

Helping others to imagine themselves in control and working in a  100% safe job isn’t an easy challenge.  However, major changes can be made when individuals feel valued, empowered and encouraged to dream big.  We can do it!  The result is that great ideas will be shared and a willingness to improve will be developed.  The culture has shifted.

Being positive and encouraging personal responsibility is the key.  The key to opening up creativity and the pathway to possibilities.  That’s when the “Impossible Doesn’t Exist!”  Can you think of what 100% safe looks like in your workplace?   Bet you can.

Don’t Let Safety Get In The Way!

Tuesday, March 23rd, 2010

For many years now ASSE hosts the Executive Summit during the annual Professional Development Conference.  This moderated session is well attended, and includes a panel of 3 to 5 business CEO’s, owners, presidents and other senior executives.  The moderator asks a series of open-ended questions, encouraging follow up and discussion between the panelists.  The purpose is to help the SH&E professionals in the audience better understand how executives think about safety and how SH&E can be more effective. 

Sitting in the audience listening to the answers, I’ve wondered how much of their answers were pre-scripted by their safety manager or legal department.  None of the executives want to say anything that makes them or their companies seem anything but 100% for safety.  There have been some really good pieces of wisdom shared though, so attending and listening certainly hasn’t been a waste of time.  I’m reminded of one executive in particular.  Her comments really stopped the audience and made them think.

During the PDC in New Orleans, Maureen Steinwall, owner of a small injection molding company in Minnesota, hushed the crowd.  In her answer to the closing question, “Do you have any last thoughts to share today?”, Ms. Steinwall provided a real eye-opener.  She said that, “Business owners and executives love to build and grow organizations.  They have dreams, visions and strategies that are exciting and bold.  Then here comes the safety manager or insurance loss control consultant to throw cold water on their excitement.”

She continued, “They’re told they can’t build their expansion the way they want because it will violate fire codes or insurance requirements.  OSHA won’t like it either and you’re likely to be fined!  All the executive hears is NO.  The result is loss of excitement, a blurring of the vision, another set of barriers to growing the company, and negatuive feeling toward the messenger with the bad news.  I think safety professionals would be more effective if they would take the time to learn the vision and strategies of their leaders and think of how they can help.  Use your knowledge of safety engineering and regulations to help achieve the executive’s dream, not block it.  Also, try to get in the game as early as you can so you help create the vision and the solution!”  Wow.

I could really feel her emotion as she made her point, and I could relate.  When we come with issues can we reframe them so we are helpful, not just seen as negative?  Have we taken the time to understand the business goals and strategies, so we can better communicate necessary actions?  I fear that all too often safety professionals are so removed that they don’t even know that they are “throwing water” on their executives dreams.

Think about your work and the managers and executives who drive the business.  How can you be more of a leader, creating solutions to grow the business?  Are you on the bus?

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